Process Equipment and Plant Design
A certain pressure vessel manufacturer avoids doing reinforcements calculations for openings by always providing a reinforcing pad extending upto double the diameter of the opening and of the same material and thickness as that of the shell wall. If area compensation is accepted as a code guideline, his approach leads to safe design

Only if the opening is on spherical vessel
Irrespective of the shape of the vessel
Only if the opening is on a vertical cylinderical vessel
Only if the opening is on a horizontal cylinderical vessel

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement about the design of seive plate column and the bubble cap column.

Weir length for a bubble cap plate is the same as that for the seive plate
The downcomer design and the residence time in the downcomer is almost same for seive plate and bubble cap columns
Weir height in case of a bubble cap plate ranges from 50 to 150 mm and is higher than the seive plate
Weir height for a bubble cap plate column is the same as that for a seive plate column

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Vertical condenser is advantageous to the horizontal condenser from operation point of view, when

Hydrostatic head is required for refluxing the condensate
Both the functions of condensation & sub cooling are carried out in a single unit
Sub cooling of condensate is desired
Only the function of condensation is to be carried out

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