Water, pH and Macromolecules
The main difference between an acid and a base is that

acids are polar molecules and bases are not
bases donate hydrogen ions in water while acids accept hydrogen ions
bases are polar molecules and acids are not
acids donate hydrogen ions in water while bases accept hydrogen ions

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Water, pH and Macromolecules
Salt dissolves well in water as water molecules

surround the ions because of their charge but do not form hydrogen bonds
share electrons with the ions to make polar covalent bonds
form hydrogen bonds with the positively and negatively charged ions
make nonpolar covalent bonds with the positively charged ions only

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Water, pH and Macromolecules
Hydrogen bonds and hydrophilic interactions are types of

strong chemical bonds that hold together the atoms within a molecule
weak chemical bonds that link together separate molecules
weak chemical bonds that hold together the atoms within a molecule
strong chemical bonds that link together separate molecules

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