Electrical Machines
A 3- phase synchronous motor can operate over a wide range of power factors i.e. from lagging to leading power factor. This is achieved by

 varying the applied voltage.
 changing the field excitation.
 changing the load.
 varying the speed.

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Electrical Machines
No load primary current in a transformer

 leads the applied voltage by exactly 90Â&
 leads the applied voltage somewhat less than 90Ã&
 lags behind applied voltage somewhat less than 90Ã
 lags behind applied voltage by exactly 90Â&am

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