Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The total energy of a liquid particle in motion is equal to

Kinetic energy - (pressure energy + potential energy)
Pressure energy + kinetic energy + potential energy
Pressure energy - (kinetic energy + potential energy)
Potential energy - (pressure energy + kinetic energy

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In a reaction turbine, the draft tube is used

To transport water to downstream
To increase the head of water by an amount equal to the height of the runner outlet above the tail race
To run the turbine full
To prevent air to enter the turbine

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