Theory of Machine
Higher pairs are those which have

Point or line contact between the two elements when in motion
Surface contact between the two elements when in motion
Elements of pairs not held together mechanically
Two elements that permit relative motion

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Theory of Machine
Crowning on pulleys helps

In increasing velocity ratio
Increase belt and pulley life
For automatic adjustment of belt position so that belt runs centrally
In decreasing the slip of the belt

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Theory of Machine
A rotor which is balanced statically but not dynamically is supported on two bearings L apart and at high speed of the rotor, reaction on the left bearing is R. The right side of the bearing is shifted to a new position 2L apart from the left bearing. At the same rotor speed, dynamic reaction on the left bearing in the new arrangement will

Become equal to R/4
Remain same as before
Become equal to 2R
Become equal to R/2

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