Process Equipment and Plant Design
Which of the following factors determine the amount of entrainment in a distillation column?

Plate spacing
Vapour velocity in the volume between the plates
All of these
Depth of liquid above the bubble cap slots

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the use of valve tray, seive tray and bubble cap trays in continuous distillation column.

Bubble cap trays though most expensive are the best in situations, where low vapour rates is to be handled and a positive liquid seal is essential at all flow rates
Maintenance cost for valve and seive trays are comparatively more than bubble cap tray due to their relatively complicated construction features
Murphree efficiency of all the three trays are nearly equal, however the peak efficiency is generally higher for seive and valve trays than the bubble cap
Valve trays have the highest turn down ratio (i.e. the ratio of the highest to the lowest vapour flow rates) and thus provides the maximum flexible operating range

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, triangular pitch arrangement as compared to square pitch arrangement

Facilitates easier shell side cleaning; hence is more suitable for handling high dirt factor shell side fluid
Creates relatively lower turbulence on the shell side resulting in lower shell side heat transfer co-efficient
Can accomodate less number of tubes for a given shell diameter
Results in higher shell side pressure drop

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