Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Whenever a plate is held immersed at some angle with the direction of flow of the liquid, it is subjected to some pressure. The component of this pressure, in the direction of flow of the liquid, is known as

Stagnation pressure
Lift
Bulk modulus
Drag

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The purpose of a surge tank is

All of these
To eliminate water hammer possibilities
To control the pressure variations due to rapid changes in the pipe line flow
To regulate flow of water to turbines by providing necessary retarding head of water

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