Machine Design
When an open coiled helical compression spring is subjected to an axial compressive load, the maximum shear stress induced in the wire is (where D = Mean diameter of the spring coil, d = Diameter of the spring wire, K = Wahl's stress factor, and W = Axial compressive load on the spring)

(4WD/ πd3) × K
(2WD/ πd3) × K
(WD/ πd3) × K
(8WD/ πd3) × K

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Machine Design
In a band and block brake, the ratio of tensions on the tight and slack sides of band is given by (where μ = Coefficient of friction between the blocks and the drum, θ = Semi-angle of each block subtending at the centre of drum, and n = Number of blocks)

T₁/T₂ = (μθ)n
T₁/T₂ = [(1 - μ tanθ)/ (1 + μ tanθ)]n
T₁/T₂ = [(1 + μ tanθ)/ (1 - μ tanθ)]n
T₁/T₂ = μθ × n

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