Theory of Machine
The two links OA and OB are connected by a pin joint at O. If the link OA turns with angular velocity ω₁ rad/s in the clockwise direction and the link OB turns with angular velocity ω₂ rad/s in the clockwise direction, then the rubbing velocity at the pin joint O is (where r = Radius of the pin at O)

ω₁.ω₂.r
(ω₁ + ω₂)r
(ω₁ - ω₂)r
(ω₁ - ω₂)2r

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Theory of Machine
Lower pairs are those which have

Elements of pairs not held together mechanically
Two elements that permit relative motion
Surface contact between the two elements when in motion
Point or line contact between the two elements when in motion

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
All of these
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
Reduce maximum opening of port to steam

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