Automobile Engineering in ME
The purpose of a balancer shaft is to

Reduce vibrations caused by the crankshaft rotation
Balance the timing in the movement of the two groups of pistons
Increase inertia force of the rotating crankshaft
Adjusts the timing of the intake and exhaust valve openings

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Automobile Engineering in ME
In a ventilated disc brake

Disc contains radial vanes between its rubbing surfaces for optimum cooling performance
Disc contains many small holes for optimum cooling performance
Caliper is covered with cooling fins
A duct directs air towards the caliper for cooling while the vehicle is moving

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