Automobile Engineering in ME
A worm gear is used as the pinion for the rack and pinion type of steering gearbox, because it

Makes the steering more responsive
Improves steering comfort when steering wheel is turned to effect small changes in the direction of forward motion
Allows the steering wheel to be turned by a greater amount when steering
Reduces the amount of kickback for large steering angles

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The purpose of a balancer shaft is to

Increase inertia force of the rotating crankshaft
Adjusts the timing of the intake and exhaust valve openings
Balance the timing in the movement of the two groups of pistons
Reduce vibrations caused by the crankshaft rotation

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a second ring is that it is a

Back up oil control ring which will work in place of the bottom ring when it is broken
Compression ring and aids the top ring in sealing and cooling
Back up compression ring which will work in place of the top ring when it is broken
Cushion ring which prevents piston slap and knock

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