Internal Combustion Engines
Flash point of fuel oil is

Minimum temperature to which oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours in sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
Indicated by 90% distillation temperature, i.e. when 90% of sample oil has distilled off
Temperature at which it solidifies or congeals
Temperature at which it catches fire without external aid

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Internal Combustion Engines
The compensating jet in a carburettor supplies almost constant amount of petrol at all speeds because the

Jet area is automatically varied depending on the suction
The flow from the main jet is diverted to the compensating jet with increase in speed
The diameter of the jet is constant and the discharge coefficient is invariant
Flow is produced due to the static head in the float chamber

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Internal Combustion Engines
If V₁ is the jet velocity and V₀ is the vehicle velocity, then the propulsive efficiency of a rocket is given by

V₁/(V₀ + V₁)
(V₀/V₁)/ [1 + (V₀/V₁)²]
[2(V₀/V₁)]/ [1 + (V₀/V₁)²]
V₀/(V₀ + V₁)

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