Machine Design
The cracks in helical springs used in railway carriages usually start on the inner side of the coil because of the fact that

It is more stretched than the outer side during the manufacturing process
It is subjected to a higher cyclic loading than the outer side
It is subjected to a higher stress than the outer side
It has a lower curvature than the outer side

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Machine Design
A fast and loose pulley drive is used when

Driven shaft is to be started or stopped whenever desired without interfering with the driving shaft
Shafts are arranged parallel and rotate in the same directions
Shafts are arranged parallel and rotate in the opposite directions
Shafts are arranged at right angles and rotate in one definite direction

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Machine Design
In worm, gears, pitch lead angle is

The angle between the tangent to the pitch helix and an element of the cylinder
The angle between the tangent to the pitch helix and the plane of rotation
None of these
Half the angle between two inclined faces in axial plane

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