Surveying
The scale of a tilted photograph of focal length f taken from an altitude H, along the plate parallel through principal point is

f/H cos ½θ
f/H
f sec θ/H
f/H sec θ

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Surveying
The cross hairs in the surveying telescope are placed

anywhere between eye-piece and objective lens
midway between eye piece and objec-tive lens
much closer to the eye-piece than to the objective lens
much closer to the objective lens than to the eye piece

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Surveying
Bowditch rule is applied to

an open traverse for graphical adjustment
a closed traverse for adjustment of closing error
None of these
determine the effect of local attraction

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