Microprocessor
The relation among IC (Instruction Cycle), FC (Fetch cycle) and EC (Execute Cycle) is

 EC = IC + FC
 IC = FC + EC
 IC = FC + 2EC
 IC = FC - EC

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Microprocessor
Assertion(A): Segment override prefix (SOP) is used when a default offset register is not used with its default base segment register but with a different base register. Reason(R): The offset registers IP and SP can never be associated with any other segment registers apart from their respective default segments.

 Both A & R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
 A is true but R is false.
 Both A & R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
 A is false but R is true.

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Microprocessor
Cycle stealing mode of DMA operation involves

 Data transfer takes place between the I/O device and memory during every alternate clock cycle
 While the microprocessor is executing a program an interface circuit takes over control of address, data, control buses when not in use by microprocessor
 The DMA control waiting for the microprocessor to finish execution of the program and then takes over the buses
 DMA controller taking over the address, data and control buses while a block of data is transferred between memory and I/O device

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