Internal Combustion Engines
The reference fuels for knock rating of spark ignition engines would include

Normal octane and aniline
Normal heptane and iso-octane
Iso-octane and alpha-methyl naphthalene
Iso-octane and normal hexane

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Internal Combustion Engines
The brake power (B.P.) of the engine is given by (where W = Brake load or dead load in newtons, l = Length of arm in meters, N = Speed of engine in r.p.m., S = Spring balance reading in newtons, D = Dia. of brake drum in meters, and d = Dia. of rope in meters)

P = [(W - S) πDN]/60 watts
P = [(W - S) π (D + d) N]/60 watts
All of these
P = (Wl × 2πN)/60 watts

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Internal Combustion Engines
Scavenging air in diesel engine means

Air used for forcing burnt gases out of engine's cylinder during the exhaust period
Air used for combustion sent under pressure
Burnt air containing products of combustion
Forced air for cooling cylinder

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