Microprocessor
The output data lines of microprocessor and memories are usually tristated because

 More than one device can transmit information over the data bus by enabling only one device at a time
 More than one device can transmit over the data bus at the same time
 The data line can be multiplexed for both input and output
 It increases the speed of data transfer over the data bus

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Microprocessor
Ready pin of microprocessor is used

 to introduce wait state
 to provide direct memory access
 to indicate that microprocessor is ready to receive outputs
 to indicate that microprocessor is ready to receive inputs

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Microprocessor
FPGA means

 Forward Programmable Gate Array
 Field Parallel Gate Array
 Forward Parallel Gate Array
 Field Programmable Gate Array

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