Phosphorus (P) has 15 electron i.e 2,8,5. Hence the number of electron in its outermost orbit is 5. Silicon (Si) has 14 electron i.e 2,8,4. Hence the number of electrons in its outermost orbit is 4.
The emitter current (IE) of a transistor has two components such as base current (IB) and collector current (IC). The base current (IB) is about 2% of the emitter current (IE), but the collector current (Ia) is about 98% of the emitter current (IE). ∴ IE > IC > IB IE = IB + IC
While estimating the overhead lines, the first and last pole is always earth connected and after every 3rd electrical pole, the fourth pole is earthed. Therefore, the approximate number of required ground set = 4
When two alternating quantities of the same frequency have different zero points, they are said to have a phase difference. The angle between zero points is the angle of phase difference φ. In the above-given question, the frequency of voltage and current is different so we can’t calculate the phase difference between them
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