Internal Combustion Engines
The mean effective pressure obtained from engine indicator indicates the

Minimum pressure
Average pressure
Instantaneous pressure at any instant
Maximum pressure developed

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a four stroke cycle petrol engine, the compression

Starts at bottom dead centre and ends at top dead centre
Starts at 40° before bottom dead centre and ends at 30° after bottom dead centre
Starts at 40° after bottom dead centre and ends at 30° before top dead centre
May start and end anywhere

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Internal Combustion Engines
Detonation is harmful due to

High intensity of knock causes crankshaft vibration and the engine runs rough
None of these
Increase in the rate of heat transfer, there is a reduction in the power output and efficiency of the engine
Excessive turbulence which removes most of the insulating gas boundary layer from the cylinder walls

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Internal Combustion Engines
The tangential velocity of the water element having a free vortex is

Directly proportional to its distance from the centre
Directly proportional to its (distance)2 from the centre
Inversely proportional to its distance from the centre
Inversely proportional to its (distance)2 from the centre

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