Internal Combustion Engines
The brake power of a diesel engine, keeping other parameters constant, can be increased by

Increasing the temperature of intake air
Increasing the pressure of intake air
Decreasing the density of intake air
Decreasing the pressure of intake air

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Internal Combustion Engines
The expansion of fuel in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

Starts at 15° before top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
Starts at top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
Starts at 15° after top dead center and ends at 30° before bottom dead center
May start and end anywhere

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Internal Combustion Engines
The brake power (B.P.) of the engine is given by (where W = Brake load or dead load in newtons, l = Length of arm in meters, N = Speed of engine in r.p.m., S = Spring balance reading in newtons, D = Dia. of brake drum in meters, and d = Dia. of rope in meters)

All of these
P = [(W - S) πDN]/60 watts
P = [(W - S) π (D + d) N]/60 watts
P = (Wl × 2πN)/60 watts

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