Internal Combustion Engines
If V₁ is the jet velocity and V₀ is the vehicle velocity, then the propulsive efficiency of a rocket is given by

V₁/(V₀ + V₁)
V₀/(V₀ + V₁)
(V₀/V₁)/ [1 + (V₀/V₁)²]
[2(V₀/V₁)]/ [1 + (V₀/V₁)²]

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Internal Combustion Engines
Detonation is harmful due to

None of these
High intensity of knock causes crankshaft vibration and the engine runs rough
Excessive turbulence which removes most of the insulating gas boundary layer from the cylinder walls
Increase in the rate of heat transfer, there is a reduction in the power output and efficiency of the engine

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