Water, pH and Macromolecules
The main difference between an acid and a base is that

bases are polar molecules and acids are not
bases donate hydrogen ions in water while acids accept hydrogen ions
acids donate hydrogen ions in water while bases accept hydrogen ions
acids are polar molecules and bases are not

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Water, pH and Macromolecules
Salt dissolves well in water as water molecules

surround the ions because of their charge but do not form hydrogen bonds
share electrons with the ions to make polar covalent bonds
form hydrogen bonds with the positively and negatively charged ions
make nonpolar covalent bonds with the positively charged ions only

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