Theory of Machine
Two pulleys of radii r₁ and r₂ and at distance x apart are connected by means of an open belt drive. The length of the belt is

π (r₁ + r₂) + (r₁ + r₂)²/x + 2x
π (r₁ - r₂) + (r₁ + r₂)²/x + 2x
π (r₁ - r₂) + (r₁ - r₂)²/x + 2x
π (r₁ + r₂) + (r₁ - r₂)²/x + 2x

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Theory of Machine
The contact ratio is given by

(Length of the arc of approach)/cosφ
(Length of the path of approach)/(Circular pitch)
(Length of the arc of contact)/(Circular pitch)
(Length of path of recess)/(Circular pitch)

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Theory of Machine
When the belt is stationary, it is subjected to some tension known as initial tension. The value of this tension is equal to the

Sum of the tensions on the tight side and slack side of the belt
Tension in the slack side of the belt
Tension in the tight side of the belt
Average tension of the tight side and slack side of the belt

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