Mass Transfer
Solvent extraction is the terminology applied to the liquid-liquid extraction, which is preferred for the separation of the components of liquids, when

One of the liquid components is heat sensitive
Extracting solvent is cheaply & abundantly available
One of the liquid components has very high affinity towards the solvent
Viscosity of liquid components is very high

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Mass Transfer
Flash distillation is

Used for multicomponent systems like crude refining
Same as differential distillation
Most useful for handling binary systems
Same as simple distillation

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