Mass Transfer
The main reason for dividing a tall packed tower into series of small towers is to

Avoid channeling
Avoid flooding
Minimise the overall pressure drop
Reduce liquid hold up

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Mass Transfer
The rate of solid-liquid extraction is limited by the

Diffusion of the solute through the solvent in the pores to the outside of the particle
Diffusion of the solute from the solution in contact with the particle to the main bulk of the solution
Phase change of the solute as it dissolves in the solvent
All of these

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