Theory of Machine
When a mass of a critically damped single degree of freedom system is deflected from its equilibrium position and released, then it will

Oscillate with decreasing amplitude
Oscillate with increasing time period
Return to equilibrium position without oscillation
Oscillate with constant amplitude

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve may be obtained by increasing the steam lap and the angle of advance of the eccentric but keeping constant the travel and lead of the valve, this method will

All of the listed here
Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston

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