Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The function of guide vanes in a reaction turbine is to

All of the listed here
Allow the water to flow over them, without forming eddies
Allow the required quantity of water to enter the turbine
Allow the water to enter the runner without shock

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The depth of centre of pressure (h) for a vertically immersed surface from the liquid surface is given by (where IG = Moment of inertia of the immersed surface about horizontal axis through its centre of gravity, A = Area of immersed surface, and x = Depth of centre of gravity of the immersed surface from the liquid surface)

(IG/Ax̅) - x̅
(IG/Ax̅) + x̅
(Ax̅/IG) + x̅
(IG/x̅) - Ax̅

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