Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a first compression ring (top ring) is that it

Maintains a seal and prevents escape of burned gases and loss of pressure in the combustion chamber
Increases the combustion temperature
Creates swirl
Maintains a seal and prevents the fuel leakage

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Automobile Engineering in ME
It is necessary to maintain the valve clearances as they

Increase the speed at which the valves move up and down
Allow for lengthening of the valves owing to the heat of combustion
Reduce the resistance to sliding that occurs between the cam and the tappet
Make the crankshaft turn smoothly

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The fuel pump of a programmed fuel injection (PFI) system operate for two seconds when the ignition is turned to the start position to

Enable the pump's fault diagnosis function to operate
Pressurise the fuel system before the engine is started
Warm up and lubricate the pump
Supplies a large amount of fuel and thereby creates a choke effect

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