Automobile Engineering in ME
The purpose of a balancer shaft is to

Increase inertia force of the rotating crankshaft
Adjusts the timing of the intake and exhaust valve openings
Balance the timing in the movement of the two groups of pistons
Reduce vibrations caused by the crankshaft rotation

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The main function of the tread pattern on tyre is that

The tread grooves pass air between the tyre and road surface, thereby preventing tyre from overheating
The crests between the tread grooves absorb road noise
In wet conditions, the tread grooves expel water that is drawn between the tyre and road surface
The tread pattern protects the tyre's inner carcass from small stones and pieces of glass

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