Electrical Machines
The flux is maximum in the following part of a DC motor:

 under leading pole tip.
 under the interpole.
 pole core.
 under trailing pole tip.

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Electrical Machines
In a dc generator operating on load with its brushes on the geometrical neutral axis (GNA), the magnetic neutral axis (MNA) is shifted in the direction of rotation. Now, if the brushes are given a lead of 90° (electrical), then the MNA will

 coincide with the GNA
 shift forward by 90°
 shift forward by more than 90°
 shift forward by less than 90°

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Electrical Machines
In dc machines, the field system has to be provided on stator unlike synchronous machines Where in it could be on any member, because

 commutator action is not possible otherwise
 it reduces field structure iron losses
 dc machines are comparatively low rating machines.
 it gives more uniform air-gap flux distribution

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