Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The flow in which the particles of a fluid attain such velocities that varies from point to point in magnitude and direction as well as from instant to instant, is known as

One dimensional flow
Turbulent flow
Uniform flow
Steady flow

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
For similarity, in addition to models being geometrically similar to prototype, the following in both cases should also be equal

ratio of inertial force to force due to surface tension
ratio of inertial force to force due to viscosity
ratio of inertial force to force due to gravitation
all the four ratios of inertial force to force due to viscosity, gravitation, surface tension, and elasticity

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Coefficient of contraction is the ratio of

Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice
Area of jet at vena-contracta to the area of orifice
Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice
Actual velocity of jet at vena contracta to the theoretical velocity

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