Theory of Machine
The direction of linear velocity of any point on a link with respect to another point on the same link is

Perpendicular to the link joining the points
At 45° to the link joining the points
None of the listed here
Parallel to the link joining the points

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

All of these
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
Reduce maximum opening of port to steam

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