The difficulty of liquid distribution in packed towers is accentuated, when the ratio of tower diameter to packing diameter is

Process Equipment and Plant Design
The difficulty of liquid distribution in packed towers is accentuated, when the ratio of tower diameter to packing diameter is

< 30

> 7 < 15

< 7

> 20 < 50

< 30

> 7 < 15

< 7

> 20 < 50

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In case of a continuous distillation column, increase in reflux ratio may result in the

Greater cost for the condenser coolant

Greater cost for the reboiler heat supply

All of these

Lower fixed charges for the column

Greater cost for the condenser coolant

Greater cost for the reboiler heat supply

All of these

Lower fixed charges for the column

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The stress developed in a material without any permanent set is called the

Breaking stress

Ultimate stress

Elastic limit

Yield stress

Breaking stress

Ultimate stress

Elastic limit

Yield stress

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger having square pitch, the shell side equivalent diameter is given by (where, P = pitch, d = outside diameter of the tube)

(P² - πd²/4)/πd

4P²/πd

Πd/4P²

4(P² - πd²/4)/πd

(P² - πd²/4)/πd

4P²/πd

Πd/4P²

4(P² - πd²/4)/πd

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

All of these

Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft

Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must

Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir

All of these

Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft

Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must

Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Log mean temperature difference in case of multi-pass shell and tube heat exchanger is always

Less than arithmetic mean value

More than arithmetic mean value

More than geometric mean value

Both B & C

Less than arithmetic mean value

More than arithmetic mean value

More than geometric mean value

Both B & C

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Process Equipment and Plant Design

Process Equipment and Plant Design The difficulty of liquid distribution in packed towers is accentuated, when the ratio of tower diameter to packing diameter is

Process Equipment and Plant Design In case of a continuous distillation column, increase in reflux ratio may result in the

Process Equipment and Plant Design The stress developed in a material without any permanent set is called the

Process Equipment and Plant Design In a shell and tube heat exchanger having square pitch, the shell side equivalent diameter is given by (where, P = pitch, d = outside diameter of the tube)

Process Equipment and Plant Design Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

Process Equipment and Plant Design Log mean temperature difference in case of multi-pass shell and tube heat exchanger is always

Process Equipment and Plant Design
The difficulty of liquid distribution in packed towers is accentuated, when the ratio of tower diameter to packing diameter is

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In case of a continuous distillation column, increase in reflux ratio may result in the

Process Equipment and Plant Design
The stress developed in a material without any permanent set is called the

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger having square pitch, the shell side equivalent diameter is given by (where, P = pitch, d = outside diameter of the tube)

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Log mean temperature difference in case of multi-pass shell and tube heat exchanger is always