Machine Design
The dedendum circle diameter is equal to (where φ = Pressure angle)

Pitch circle diameter × sinφ
Clearance circle diameter × cosφ
Addendum circle diameter × cosφ
Pitch circle diameter × cosφ

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Machine Design
A bolt of M 24 × 2 means that

The pitch of the thread is 24 mm and depth is 2 mm
The nominal diameter of bolt is 24 mm and pitch is 2 mm
The effective diameter of bolt is 24 mm and there are 2 threads per cm
Cross-sectional area of the threads is 24 mm²

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