Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
The bypass factor (B. P. F.) in case of sensible heating of air is (Where td₁ = Dry bulb temperature of air entering the heating coil, td₂ = Dry bulb temperature of air leaving the heating coil, and td₃ = Dry bulb temperature of heating coil)

(td₃ - td₂)/(td₃ - td₁)
(td₃ - td₁)/(td₂ - td₃)
(td₃ - td₁)/(td₃ - td₂)
(td₂ - td₃)/(td₃ - td₁)

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Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Environmental protection agencies advice against the use of chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants since

These react with plants and cause greenhouse effect
These react with water vapour and cause acid rain
These react with oxygen and cause its depletion
These react with ozone layer

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