Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The Bernoulli's equation is based on the assumption that

The velocity of flow is uniform across any cross-section of the pipe
There is no loss of energy of the liquid flowing
No force except gravity acts on the fluid
All of these

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The flow ratio of Francis turbine is defined as the ratio of the

Velocity of flow at inlet to the theoretical jet velocity
Velocity of runner at inlet to the velocity of flow at inlet
None of these
Theoretical velocity of jet to the velocity of flow at inlet

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In a forced vortex motion, the velocity of flow is

inversely proportional to its radial distance from the axis of rotation
directly proportional to its radial distance from axis of rotation
directly proportional to the square of its radial distance from the axis of rotation
inversely proportional to the square of its radial distance from the axis of rotation

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