Electrical Machines
The 3 - Φ induction motors are, by a very considerable margin, the most widely used AC motors as

  they are capable of operation under range of leading and lagging pf.
  they have maximum efficiency and maximum starting torque.
  they have very good speed regulation.
  these are cheaper in cost, simple and rugged in construction.

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Electrical Machines
In synchronous generator, inverted V curve is drawn between

 field current on Y-axis and armature current on X-axis
 field current on Y-axis and power factor on X-axis
 field current on X-axis and armature current on Y-axis
 field current on X-axis and power factor on Y-axis

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