Electrical Machines
Ward-Leonard system for controlling the speed of a DC motor is used where

 All of above.
 Very fine speed control over the whole range from zero to normal speed is required.
 The accuracy in speed control is required.
 The speed in both the direction is required.

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Electrical Machines
In a dc generator operating on load with its brushes on the geometrical neutral axis (GNA), the magnetic neutral axis (MNA) is shifted in the direction of rotation. Now, if the brushes are given a lead of 90° (electrical), then the MNA will

 shift forward by less than 90°
 shift forward by 90°
 coincide with the GNA
 shift forward by more than 90°

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