Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft
All of these
Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must
Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the distillation column.

Generally, a skirt clerance of 0.5" to 1.5' is recommended to prevent plugging of the slots by residue build up
None of these
The purpose of the slot is to disperse the gas into the liquid in the form of small bubbles
If sufficient slot area is not provided, the gas may pass through the skirt clearance

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Triangular pitch tube layout as compared to square pitch in a shell and tube heat exchanger

Both B and C
Permits the use of more tubes in a given shell diameter
Permits the use of less tubes in a given shell diameter
Facilitates comparatively easier external cleaning because of large clearance

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