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Process Equipment and Plant Design

Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a cylinderical vessel subjected to internal pressure, the longitudinal stress σL and the circumferential stress, σh are related by

σh = σL/2
σh = σL
σh = 2 σL
No relation exists

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A/an __________ is used for changing the direction of a pipeline.

Elbow
Union
Disc compensator
Flange

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Heat transfer co-efficient, hG(Kcal/hr.m² .°C) and mass velocity of air, G (kg/hr.m² ) for air flow parallel to the surface in case of constant drying rate in batch drying is related as hG = 0.0176G0.8. But when the flow of air perpendicular to the surface is encountered, this equation changes to

0.0176G1.37
1.004G0.8
HG = 1.004G0.37
HG = 0.0176G0.37

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Tube wall thickness depends on the cor-rosiveness of the fluids and their operating pressure & temperature and is specified by Birmingham wire gauge (B.W.G)-a number which varies from 8 to 18 with the numbers 14 and 16 being more commonly used. Outside diameter of tubes varies from about 15 to 50 mm; however a tube of less than __________ mm outside diameter is generally not recommended for fouling fluids.

28
19
38
16

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The main purpose of providing stepping on the trays is to

Decrease the pressure drop
Increase the residence time
Facilitate handling of large flow rate of liquid
Improve the flow condition

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In common bubble cap distillation column design practice, riser area is approximately equal to (where, Aa = Annular passage area, and Sa = Slot area)

Aa = 1.5 Sa
Sa = 1.5 Aa
1.2 Aa = 1.2 Sa
Aa = Sa

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