Process Equipment and Plant Design
Low pressure steam (with saturation temperature between 105 to 120°C) is usually used in the vacuum evaporators, which normally employ a vacuum of about __________ mm Hg (referred to a 760 mm mercury barometer).
Tie rods are fixed at one end in the tube sheet by making blind holes and the minimum number of tie rods is 4 with at least 10 mm diameter
Baffles are supported independently of the tubes by tie rods and positioned by spacers
Clearance between shell & baffles and between tube & baffles should be minimum to avoid by-passing of the fluid, but it should be enough to permit the removal of tube bundle
Bracket supports are used for horizontal shell, while saddle support is used for vertical shell
EXAMIANS