Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a double pipe (concentric) heat exchanger, the hydraulic radius for heat transfer (for a fluid flowing through the annulus) would be

Less than that for fluid flow
More than that for fluid flow
D₂ - D₁ (D₁ and D₂ are I.D. of inner and outer pipes respectively)
Same as that for fluid flow

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Bubble cap tray is the most commonly used tray in large distillation column, because

Of its flexibility and nearly constant efficiency under varying conditions of operation
None of these
It incurs less pressure drop as compared to any other try designed for the same duty
It eliminates the foaming and entrain-ment tendency during operation

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In the design of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the corrosion allowance

All of these
For carbon steel and cast iron pressure parts is 1.5 mm (except for tubes) and for severe conditions it is 3 mm
Need not be provided for non-pressure parts like tie rods, spacers, baffles, supports etc
For internal cover and tube sheet is provided on both the sides

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