Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of the bubble cap tray of a distillation column to give stable operation and even vapour distribution.

The dimensionless ratio of liquid gradient to pressure drop head caused by the bubble cap assembly should be less than 0.4
None of these
Tendency towards stable operation is increased by increasing the skirt clearance of the caps, lowering the rate of liquid flow per unit plate width or increasing the spacing between the caps
The pressure drop due to the caps & slots and the static submergence should be as high as practicable for reasonable operation

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

More than the tube diameter
Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"
Equal to the tube diameter
More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
For a cylindrical shell, (subject to the thickness of uppermost course being more than the minimum for diaofthe tank in question), the thickness of the courses of shell

Decreases upwards
May decrease or increase upwards depending upon whether vacuum or positive pressure would be maintained inside the shell
Remains same throughout
Increases upwards

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