Electrical Machines
Semi closed slots or totally closed slots are used in induction motors, essentially to

 reduce magnetising current and improve power factor
 increase pull out torque
 improve starting torque
 decrease starting torque

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Electrical Machines
Where the shunt generators are widely used?

  Where a constant voltage is required over a narrow load range.
 Where the load is very high.
 Where voltage variation is needed over a wide load range.
 Where often load fluctuation is occurred.

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