Process Equipment and Plant Design
For turbulent flow (NRe > 2100) of low viscosity fluid (μ > 20cp) in steel pipes, the optimum inside pipe diameter is given by(where, Q = fluid flow rate, ft³/sec.ρ = fluid density, lb/ft³ μ = fluid viscosity, centipoise Di = optimum inside pipe diameter, inches)

Di, opt = 3 Q0.36 . μ0.88
Di, opt = 4.7 Q0.36 . μ3.2ρ0.13
Di, opt = 3.9 Q0.45 ρ0.13
Di, opt = 3.9 Q0.45 . μ0.95

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The LMTD correction factor (FT) is defined as the

Ratio of LMTD to the true temperature difference
Differenced of true temperature difference and the LMTD
Ratio of true temperature difference to the LMTD
Geometric mean of the true temperature difference and the LMTD

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