Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft
All of these
Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir
Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement about the design of seive plate column and the bubble cap column.

Weir length for a bubble cap plate is the same as that for the seive plate
Weir height for a bubble cap plate column is the same as that for a seive plate column
The downcomer design and the residence time in the downcomer is almost same for seive plate and bubble cap columns
Weir height in case of a bubble cap plate ranges from 50 to 150 mm and is higher than the seive plate

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Seamless pipe is made

By forging a solid round, piercing it by simultaneously rotating & forcing it over a piercer point and further reducing it by rolling gas drawing
By extrusion & casting into static and centrifugal molds
Both B and C
From rolled strips formed into cylinders and seam-welded

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