Process Control and Instrumentation
Out of the following temperature measuring instruments, the measurement accuracy will be minimum for the

Iron-constantan thermocouple
Mercury in glass thermometer
Optical pyrometer
Alcohol filled thermometer

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Process Control and Instrumentation
Time constant is the

Same as dead time
Time taken by the controlled variable to reach 63.2% of its full change
Same as transportation lag
Time required by the measured variable to reach 63.2% of its ultimate change

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