Process Equipment and Plant Design
Optimum reflux ratio in a continuous distillation column is determined by the

Flooding limit of the column
None of these
Maximum permissible vapour velocity
Total cost consideration (fixed cost of the column plus the cooling water & steam cost)

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a double pipe (concentric) heat exchanger, the hydraulic radius for heat transfer (for a fluid flowing through the annulus) would be

Less than that for fluid flow
Same as that for fluid flow
D₂ - D₁ (D₁ and D₂ are I.D. of inner and outer pipes respectively)
More than that for fluid flow

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the design of a horizontal tube evaporator.

Its usual dimensions are: tube dia = 2-3 cms; evaporator body dia = 1-4 metres and evaporator height = 2.5-4 metres
It is suitable for process, in which the final product is a liquor instead of solid
Liquor flows inside the tube, while the steam is outside submerging the tube
It is unsuitable for concentrating those liquids, which form a scale or deposit salt

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