Electrical Machines
On switching a DC motor to DC supply mains, it is found to rotate in the direction opposite to that for which it is designed. The DC motor is

 have an equal number of electrons and protons.
  Differentical compound.
 Cummulative compound.
 Series shunt.

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Electrical Machines
The synchronous motor can be started by

  coupling it with a DC compound motor.
  any of the above methods.
  providing damper winding in its rotor circuit.
  coupling it with a small AC induction motor called the pony motor.

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