Process Equipment and Plant Design
When one of the fluids is highly corrosive and has fouling tendency, it should

Perferably flow outside the tube
Flow outside the tube, when the flow is counter-current and inside the tube when the flow is co-current
Flow at a very slow velocity
Preferably flow inside the tube for its easier internal cleaning

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

Tube dia of 2.5-7.5 cms, tube length of 75-200 cms and cylinderical drum dia of 1-6 metres are normally used
Area of central downtake is equal to 40 to 100% of total cross-sectional area of the surrounding tube
Liquor is inside the tube while the steam is outside the tube
All of these

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