Process Equipment and Plant Design
Floating head heat exchangers are used for the

Heat transfer between corrosive fluids
Cases where temperature difference between the shell and the tubes is more (>50°C)
Counter-current heat transfer systems
Co-current heat transfer systems

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

All of these
Liquor is inside the tube while the steam is outside the tube
Tube dia of 2.5-7.5 cms, tube length of 75-200 cms and cylinderical drum dia of 1-6 metres are normally used
Area of central downtake is equal to 40 to 100% of total cross-sectional area of the surrounding tube

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