Heat and Mass Transfer
Metals are good conductors of heat because

They contain free electrons
Their atoms are relatively far apart
Their atoms collide frequently
They have high density

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Heat and Mass Transfer
Fourier's law of heat conduction is (where Q = Amount of heat flow through the body in unit time, A = Surface area of heat flow, taken at right angles to the direction of heat flow, dT = Temperature difference on the two faces of the body, dx = Thickness of the body, through which the heat flows, taken along the direction of heat flow, and k = Thermal conductivity of the body)

(dT/dx)
k.
(dx/dT)
k.
k. (dx/dT)
k. (dT/dx)

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Heat and Mass Transfer
The time constant of a thermocouple is

Determined by the time taken to reach 100°C from 0°C
The time taken to attain 50% of the value of initial temperature difference
The time taken to attain the final temperature to be measured
The time taken to attain 63.2% of the value of initial temperature difference

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