Heat and Mass Transfer
A steam pipe is to be lined with two layers of insulating materials of different thermal conductivities. For the minimum heat transfer,

One should take into account the steam temperature before deciding as to which insulation is put where
One could place either insulation on either side
The better insulation must be put inside
The better insulation must be put outside

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Heat and Mass Transfer
Film coefficient is defined as Inside diameter of tube

Thermal conductivity Equivalent thickness of film Specific heat × Viscosity
Film coefficient × Inside diameter Thermal conductivity
Thermal conductivity Molecular diffusivity of momentum Thermal diffusivity
Equivalent thickness of film

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